| The value of explicit rules in bureaucratic institutions is that they: | Create standardization and predictability |
| The civil service replaced the _________ as a method of choosing government workers. | Spoils system |
| The goal of the Pendleton Act and the Hatch Act was to: | Reduce political influence over federal government employees |
| The fundamental difference between most private bureaucracies and public bureaucracies pointed out in the text is that: | Most private bureaucracies have the explicit goal of making money, so accountability is straightforward. |
| Groups of citizens whose interests are affected by an agency and who work to influence its policies are called: | Clientele groups |
| All of the following are trends or events that have led to growth in or creation of government agencies EXCEPT: | The end of slavery |
| Congress sets up most regulatory agencies as boards or commissions, with members having fixed terms, in order to: | Make them independent of political pressure, particularly from the president |
| The bureaucracy engages in the lawmaking process: | Because Congress often passes very general laws that require clarification before they can be enforced |
| The Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 has: | a step toward counteracting negative behavior |
| The term iron triangle refers to the: | Phenomenon of members of interest groups, congressional committees, and bureaucratic agencies cooperating for mutual benefit |
